Fireplace



May 19.26.

" v T. MCCALLUM FIREPLACE Filed July 17, 1923 Patented May 4, 1926.

UNITED s'raresra'ranr orr ce.

THEOPHILUS SEPTIMUS MGCALLUM, OF LEEDS, ElTGrLAND, ASSIGNOE TO STEP-HEN DELMAR MGR-GAE, GE LONDQN, ENGLAND.

3 FIREPLACE.

Application filed July 17, 1923. Serial No. 652,172. I

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, Trrnorr-inlns SEPTIMUS MOCALLUM, a subject of the King of Great Britain and Ireland, and a resident of-L eeds, county of York, England, have invented a certain new and useful improvementin Fireplaces, of which the following is a specification.

This invention, which relates toimprovements in fireplaces, is directed to the kind wherein a separate and distinct and portable firebox is employed, said firebox being placed in front of, or suspended by hooks from, the bars of a domestic fireplace, such as a sitting-room grate or open kitchen range.

In the above connection it has been proposed that the firebox be formed with plain or solid sides, bottom and back to prevent the entry of an undue quantity of air to the fuel in the box, and also to provide a removable plate for adjustable placement in front of said box, which was proportioned to present to the room a relatively large area of fuel. I

It has also been proposed to provide a portable firebox, having iinperforate bottom, sides and back, and proportioned to present to the room a relatively large area of fuel and which may be fitted with handles with an adjustable and detachable hood or canopy to convey the hot gases and smoke to the usual fine or chimney of the fireplace, a tray or stand being provided for the reception thereon of said firebox, said fire box being attached, in any suitable way, to said tray or stand, or resting thereon by its own weight, said tray or stand also carrying underneath it a removable tray for the reception of ashes, and no claim is made to any of the above arrangements per se.

A firebox in accordance with the present invention, which is applicable for use with ordinary fireplaces, or open hearths, is characterized in that (1) it is provided with a canopy or hood, with a backwardly and up wardly inclined front portion thereto, pro vided with an opening therein adapted to be wholly or partly covered by means of aremovable plate, when required, to form a continuous (or nearly continuous) flue above the fire and to therebyincrease the current of air through the burning fuel, means being provided to prevent, when required, the di-- rect supply of air to a part of the front of the firebox. (2) When the plate is removed from the sloping top of the canopy or hood, and the fire is well alight, an induced draught is set up over the upper surface of the fuel so that smoke and fumes areswept through said canopyor hood into the chimney, while the radiant heat is discharged through the opening in said canopy or hood into the room. (3) It may also be provided with hooks, in addition to the handles, to suspend it from the bars of a fireplace or grate. (4) It is also provided with a base or stand, with a removable or louvred ash tray therein, for the firebox to rest on, by its own weight, or be affixed thereto.

In order that the said invention may be the more readily understood, reference is to be had to the following description and accompanying sheet of drawings, wherein Figure 1 is a vertical sectional side view of "the firebox, but showing the same without reference to any particular adaptation or use.

Figure 2 is a perspective view of the firebox in front of and adapted for use with an ordinary fireplace. v 7

Like numerals of reference indicate cor responding parts in the several figures.

In carrying out the invention, and referring to the drawings, the firebox '1 is wedge-shaped, that is, the front and the back are arranged to be farther apart at the top than. at the bottom. As shown in Figure 1, it is provided witha canopy, EhOOd or cowl 2, and said canopy, hood orcowl 2 which is an integral part of the rfirebox 1, being upwardly and backwardly inclined so as to convey or direct the smoke or prodnets of combustion towards the usual chimney. The front portion '3 of the canopy, hood or cowl 2 is left open, but, when it is desired to draw up the fire, said opening 3 is covered by a portable plate 4.

As shown in Fig. 1 of the drawings the bottom 8 of the firebox 1 and the sides 9 are solid and entirely without openings, by which means there is prevented the entry of an undue quantity of air to the fuel, while, by placing the plate 4 against the lower part of the front bars 6 of the firebox 1, the air supply is still further reduced, so bringing about slow combustion,- but with little or no diminution of the heat radiated,

as the opening in the top is then uncovered. On the other hand, when the plate 4 is placed over the opening 3 of the canopy 2 to draw up the fire, the draught up the inclined outlet of said canopy 2 is increased, thereby causing, for the time being, a piopious supply of oxygen to the face of the The result is that a large area of exposed fire surface quickly produces abundant ra diation of heat, and the cubical amount of fuel in the firebox being small in relation to this exposed fire surface, the large radiation is given without excessive use of fuel which cannot directly radiate into the room.

Normally, and without the use of the Jlate aforesaid, an intermediate condition is brought about, that it to say, owing to the firebox projecting well into the room and the arrangement of said firebox, there obtains the discharge, with better and quicker radiation, of practically the whole of the heat given off by the fire in conjunction with the convected heat from the body of the firebox into the room aforesaid.

Referring now to Figure 2 of the drawings illustrative of the use of the fire-box in or in front of an ordinary fireplace.

There is provided a stand or base 10, upon which the flat bottom 8 of the fire box 1 rests or to which it may be detachably secured, so as to raise said bottom 8 a few inches above the hearth level. When in use, the stand or base 10 and the fire box 1 are placed in front of the ordinary fireplace, the bars of Which may be removed.

A removable ash tray 11 fits in front of and partly under the fire box 1, said ash tray 11 being fitted with sloping louvres 12 to conceal the ashes which fall from the fire through the bars 6.

The fire-box is designed to be applicable to any kind of type of existing open grate or in the hearth of a room that has no other kind of grate in it, or in other words it may be in a hearth by itself, and when required. to be positioned a considerable distance away from the flue opening, the canopy, hood or cowl may be provided with a removal extension as shown by the dotted lines 13 in said Figure 2, or of other convenient form.

Further, in order that the fire-box 1. may be carried from room. to room with a firein it, handles 14:, of convenient form,

are provided at the sides 9 of said fireboX 1. 4

Further, inside and at one or both top corners of the front of the firebox, an additional piece 28, of metal, may be left on the casting for the reception of the iron rod forming the pivot of a trivet 29, as shown in Figure 1.

I claim 1. A stove of the class described comprising a firebox including an upri ht body and a rearwardly extending upwardly inclined canopy with a fuel receiving draft controlling opening in its front wall adjacent the angle between it and said body, the front wall of said body below said opening being provided with a grate.

2. A stove of the class described comprising a firebox including an upright body with a rearwardly projecting angular extension forming a canopy, said body and extension having imperforate rear and side walls, said canopy having a smoke discharge opening at its upper end and provided in its front wall with a fuel receiving opening, the front wall of said body being in the form of a grating.

3. A stove of the class described comprising a unitary structure, in the form of a substantially elbow shaped casing closed at one end and open at the other, the closed end forming the bottom of the stove and the upper end the smoke discharge opening, the front wall of'the upright. member of said casing being in the form of a grating, the other member having an opening in the front wall thereof to receive fuel and control the draft of the stove, and a plate for interchangeable engagement with the grate in front of the body and the opening in the canopy.

4. A stove of the class described comprising a base with an ash-pit at the front thereof, a firebox rising from the rear of said ashpit and including 'anupright casing having a rearwardly inclined extension at its upper end forming a combined fuel chute and smoke flue, said chute having an opcning'in its front wall near the connection with the body of the casing and its upper end. being open to form a smoke discharge.

In testimony whereof I have affixed my signature hereto this 6th day of July 1923. I 

